Fibrous container for oil and other liquids



April 12, 1949. c. K. DUNLAP 2,457,016 4 FIBRQUS CONTAIN-ER FOR OIL AND OTHER, LIQUIDS Filed Feb. 16, 1944 :s Sheets-Sheet 1 ISmaentor:

Cha rZes ED-anw,

@is attorney April 12, 1949. c. K. DUNLAP FIBROUS CONTAINER FOR OIL.AND OTHER LIQUIDS Filed Feb. 16, 1944 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 April 1949' c. K. DUNLAP 2,467,016

FIBROUS CONTAINER FOR OIL AND OTHER LIQUIDS Filed Feb. 16, 1944 s Sheets-Shet s i gzg attorney,

Patented Apr; 12, 1949 FIBROUS CONTAINER FOB OIL AND OTHER LIQUIDS Charles K. Dunlap, Sonoco Products South Carolina Hartsvillc, S. 0., assignor to Company, a corporation of Application February 16, 1944, Serial No. 522,660

This invention relates to containers made of fibrous material and more particularly to an allpapcr container for use in the packaging and dispensing of liquids, such as lubricating oils and other oleaginous liquids;

One of the objects of the invention is to proendure the rough usage in the handling and transportation of the same but will hold the liquid contents of the container against leakage for an indefinite or extensive length of time.

The invention has to do more particularly with the improvement in oil resistance and mechanical strength of conical, paper containers. It comprises a novel oil-proof interior wall surface construction having two oil'resistant barriers, and a reinforced base or bottom end closure structure that will withstand the dropping and rough handling that such containers will receive in war uses, especially for shipment and use over-seas.

An illustrative but non-limiting structural adaptation of the invention is hereinafter described in conjunction with the accompanying.

drawings,,in which: 7

Fig. l is a view in partial side elevation and vertical section, illustrating one structural form of the invention, with the top closure cap detached;

Fig. 2 is a view illustrating the base-end closure unit structure, the same being shown detached from the body cone,

Fig. 3 is a view showing the base-end closure unit as pressed and secured into contact with the adjacent side wall portion of the body cone;

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrative of a practical method of applying the glassine paper to the paper web of which the body cone of the oil-proof paper container is formed; I

Fig. 5 is a fragmentary plan view of the oilproofed paper web, with parts broken away and removed to illustrate the lamination of the same: Fig. 6 is a fragmentary sectional view on a magnified scale to show the different layers in the laminated form of the oil-proofed web;

Fig. 7 is a plan view illustrative of an economical utilization of the prelaminated web in cutting the blanks from which the conical body tube of the container is rolled into form;

Fig. 8 is a plan view of a semi-circular blank, shown as it is about to be wound on a conical core to form the body cone of the container;

Fig. 9 is a schematic view illustrating how the blank is wound spirally in forming the body cone of the container so as to have a full inner face lining of the glassine paper, with the glassine paper also inter-rolled in the convolutions of the body cone and with a substantial marginal overof the present invention,

.body as above 4 Claims. (Cl. 2293.5)

lapping of the glassine paper on both the inner and outer faces of the formed body cone;

Fig. 10 is a fragmentary view of the smaller end portion of the body cone of the container, showing a modified external reinforcement of that portion of the container;

Fig. 11 is a fragmentary section taken on or about the line Il-ll of Fig. 10 to show details of interior structure; and

Fig. 12 is an end view of the reinforcing sleeve shown in Figs. 10 and 11.

Referring now to the drawings in detail, the numeral l5 designates the main conical body shell of the container, which may be formed by winding a paper blank upon itself about a conical mandrel with a suitable adhesive applied between the convolution of the paper. For the purposes the conical paper tube i5 is lined throughout its entire inner wall surface with glassinepaper it which is-bonded to the tube by the use of an oil-proof adhesive, preferably such as plasticized animal glue,'indicated at [6A.

The lining it may be applied either during the rolling formation or after the conical tube i5 is formed. It can be practically applied during the course of cone formation, 1. e., the glassine paper is first applied to completely cover the body paper blank and then inter-rolled in the several convolutions of the laminated formation of the cone, as will be later more specifically described. However, instead of being laminated, the body tube l5 may be of single wall thickness, if so desired. 80, too, instead of applying the glassine paper to the entire tube-forming blank and rolling the glassine paper in the convolutions of the tube described, the glassine paper may be applied over a smaller area of the blank so as not to be inter-rolled in the body convolutions but completelycover the inner surface of the formed tube as an oil-impermeable, lining. Ac-. cordingly, the final conical tube may have several layers of glassine paper within the convolutions of the tube body, as will be described hereafter in connection with Fig. 9, or it may have only one glassine paper layer covering only the inner surface of the tube, as shown at It in Fig. l.

The combination of glassine paper and an oilproof adhesive provides a markedly superior barrier that prevents penetration or seepage oi. the oil into the wall of the paper cone i5. Where glue alone is used the air bubbles or minute holes therein will permit penetration by the oil and thereby an ultimate, general breakdown of the glue film. Similarly, minute or microscopic holes in the glassine paper itself, which sometimes occur during the formation of such paper web on the paper making machine, will permit oil penetration. However, when a substantial layer or film of oil-resistant glue is combined with or for non-nested superimposed by a sheet of glassine paper the chances of the few, if any. imperfections in the two layers coinciding, is practically negligible. Accordingly, this combination has proven highly effective as an oil barrier.

Due to the characteristic flexibility of plasticized animal glue" and other flexible oil-resistant adhesives, the same are ideal and highly efficient for applying the glassine paper lining to the container, and, for this reason, preferred. However, other adhesives, of a normally brittle nature when set after application, e. g., sodium silicate or starch, can be used in some adaptations of the present invention.

Even though the sodium silicate and starch adhesives are normally too brittle and will check" in the ordinary uses of the same, such adhesives can be used in the application of the glassine paper to the inner wall surface of some containers. The nature of the glassine paper is such that it tends to minimize cracking or checking of the adhesive underneath and if any cracking or checking should occur in the underlying layer of adhesive there are few chances (if any, as above stated) of any minute or microscopic hole or other imperfection in the glassine paper coinciding with the cracked or checked place in the layer of glue.

In the application of the glassine paper lining the same is made to extend with a substantial overlap so as to cover amply all edges of the body paper proper which would otherwise be exposed to direct contact with the oil in the container and the oil thus be drawn Wic -like into the body paper by the inherent capillarity thereof.

The conical body tube member I of the container is made sufficiently rigid to be self-supporting and form-retentive and strong enough to withstand considerable rough usage. However, to meet military requirements and severe commercial handling, the containers for oil must withstand repeated dropping from a height of several feet without fracturing and without permitting any leakage of oil. For such purposes the container of this invention is provided with a special reinforced base-end closure which is designated generally by-the numeral I1 (see Figs. 2 and 3).

The closure I1 is so constructed and applied to the tube I5 that it is both oil-proof and effectively resistant to the dropping and buffeting of the container in transportation and use. This baseend closure is advantageously made as a separate unitary structure and attached to the body tube I5 by an applied adhesive and heat, and also under suitable compression. In this Way the container assembly can be shipped knock-down, with the tubes I5 nested one within another and the respective closure units in accompanying minimum sized packages.

The assembling of the tubes and base-end closures can be readily done at the oil-filling station or at any other place remote from the factory. Moreover, in cases of desirability and necessity, the body tubes and end closures do not have to be made in one and the same factory. This is of proven military as well as general commercial advantage. Therefore, it is here stressed that the knock-down feature and nesting of the container parts for shipment and the assembly effected at or near the place where the containers areto be filled has proven desirable and requires only about {a of the usual shipping space needed tin cans or other substantially structurally completed containers.

Bonding of the end closure unit H to the body tube I5 may be effected by the use of neoprene or a suitable, oil-proof flexible glue 31. The mentioning of neoprene specifically just above and elsewhere throughout the entire specification, as an adhesive and sealing; medium in the container structure, is not by way of a limitation, but merely as a practical illustration, inasmuch as other chloroprene compounds and synthetic rubber" compounds in general may be used, and such use is contemplated.

Itis here further noted that by using heat when securing the members of the end closure unit together and when applying the closure unit tothe body tube of the container, vulcanization of the neoprene or equivalent adhesive used is caused, thereby establishing proper strength.

Therefore, the added vulcanization of the said adhesive used in closing and sealing of the container is of substantial advantage and importance in the present invention.

A closure cap 26 is placed over the smaller end of the body cone I5. And this cap is provided with a glassine paper lining 21 and secured in place preferably by an adhesive such as the aforesaid neoprene or flexible glue, with heat applied.

A base-end closure N that has proven advantageous in commercial practice and especially so in war uses, is illustrated in Figs. 2 and 3. It has markedly high resistance to breaking or crushing when the container is subjected to dropping on the base-end, as hereinbefore described. In this closure I! a top disk member I8 is provided which is preferably laminated. To avoid complexity in the illustration, however, the disk IBB is shown in single thickness of body in Figs. 2 and 3. This disk member I8 is formed with a peripheral flange IS.

The disk I8 and its flange I9 are covered throughout by glassine paper 24 which is applied over a layer of oil-proof glue 24A. A bottom disk 20A, of inverted, cupped form, and covered throughout its opposed surface with glassine paper 20B, is fitted snugly within the inverted cupped disk I8 and likewise cemented thereto by a suitable oil-proof adhesive.

The peripheral flange 20C of the bottom disk 20A is of substantially greater height than the flange I9 of the inner disk I8 and both flanges are tapered correspondingly to the taper of the body cone I5. The over-all diameter of the closure unit thus formed from the two partially nested disks is such that the beveled periphery of the flange [9 will enter easily and loosely at the extreme end portion of the body cone I5 (see Fig. 2) but tightens and causes a bulging of the body cone wall, as at 36, when the closure unit is forced to its full depth within the body cone as shown in Fig. 3.

Prior to inserting the closure unit as shown in Fig. 3, a coating 31 of neoprene or other suitable adhesive is applied externally on the flanges I9 and 200, including the shoulder under the flange I9, and also extending on top of the disk I8 annularly for a substantial distance inwardly from the periphery of the disk, as at 38. Thus, when the end closure unit is forced into the base-end portion of the body cone I5, as it is in practice by suitable means (not shown), a strong adhesion between parts and a tight sealing effect is attained, with a substantial compression and reforming of the parts in the immediate region where the bulge 35 occurs in the body cone wall. The compression and deformation of the contigu- 7 ous parts is such that the internal annular groove 4 of base-end closure to the container is highly effective for resistance to shocks and for preventing oil leakage. In effect, it forms two oil barrier seals, one at the point 36A, where the top disk first joins the outer wall l5, and the other at the point 363, where the bottom disc first joins the outer wall [5. This oil leakage.

A practical method of producing the body cone id of the container and application of the glassine paper lining l8 thereto, is illustrated more or less schematically in Figs. 4 to 9, inclusive. In accordance with this method the glassine paper is preglued to the body paper blank andinter-rolled with the same to form a laminated wall for the body cone it, which is wound on a conical mandreI by a suitable cone winding machine.

As illustrated particularly in Figs. 4 to 7, inclusive, a continuous web of the body paper proper 39 lsee Fig. 4) of a given width for cutting therefrom blanks to make conical tubes of a certain size (see Figs. and '7) is taken from a supply roll 40 and passed over a glue applying roll 4| running partially immersed in a body of plasticized animal glue or other suitable adhesive 42 in a container 43. From a roller 44 which guides and holds the paper web 39 in glue-receiving contact with the applicator roll 4|, the paper web is carried to and passed between opposed presser rollers 45, 46, where it receives a web of glassine paper 41 coming from a supply roll 48 and over a guide roller 49. The two webs 39 and 41 in passing between the rollers 45, 46, are pressed into a uniform and firm adherence by virtue of the interposed layer of glue which is carried on the top surface of the web 39 as applied by the roll 4| before the web passes over the roller 44 to said rollers 45,48.

The glassine paper web 41 is considerably wider than the body paper web 39 and extends marginally a substantial distance beyond both longigives a double assurance against tudinal edges of said web 99, as at 41A (see Figs.

5, 6 and 7).

Simultaneously with the application of the glassine paper web 41 to the body paper web 39, two narrower strips of glassine paper 50 are applied to the opposite side of the body paper web 39 along the longitudinal marginal portions of said web (see Figs. 5, 6 and 7). These marginal strips of glassine paper 50 are of a width to lap over a substantial distance on the web 39 and extend a considerable distance laterally from the respective edges of said web substantially equal to the lateral extent of the projected edge portions 41A of the glassine paper web 41. These glassine paper strips 50 are furnished from two transversely spaced supply rolls 5|, only one of which is visible in Fig. 4, and each strip is carried over an applicator roll 52 which runs in a body of plasticized animal glue or other suitable adhesive 53 in a container 54. From the applicator rolls 5: the strips 50 with the glue applied thereto are carried up over the presser roller 46 and under the adjacent marginal portions of the body paper web 39 and laterally extended portions 41A of the glassine paper web 41 whereby a uniform and firm adherence is caused between the webs and strips by virtue of the interposed layer of glue on the strips and pressure betweenthe rollers 45. 49. I

From the presser rollers 46. 48, the cohered webs 39,41, and strips ill, now designated jointly by the reference numeral 54, and illustrated in plan view in Figs; 5 and 7, are carried (as indicated in Fig. 4) over a series of rollers 56, for a substantial length of travel to permit of sufiicient drying and setting ofthe applied adhesive. The

rolled into shape.

. of the cone.

thus laminated webs and strips are then passed in immersion through a body of adhesive 51 such as a mixture of starch paste and a suitable resin such as urea formaldehyde resin, in a container 58, and then, if desired, subjecting the adhesive coating to formaldehyde fumes to harden the same before conveying the laminated and treated web of material to the forming machinery (not shown) in which the blanks are cut and the cones In the foregoing described method it will be noted that the glassine paper web is inter-rolled in the convolutions of the body paper proper.

The cone-body-forming blanks it cut from the laminated web 55, an example of which is illustrated in Fig. 8, are in semi-circular shape, as at 59, and may be cut from pre-cut half-hexagonal segments 59A as taken from the web (see Fig. 7) so that at each end there is a substantial marginal area 60 (shown fragmentarily in magni- 1 fied detail in Fig. 6) which includes only the two glued-together, extended layers of the glassine paper 41 and strip 50. Thus, when the blank 59 is rolled on the conical mandrel 6| (shown in Fig. 8) and into its conical tubular form I5, with convolutions, as shown schematically in open spiral arrangement in Fig. 9, but in the formed cone, of course, is rolled tightly with the several convolutions cemented solidly together in actual manufacture. The final cone thus produced will have three layers of glassine paper 41, in the convolutions of the cone body, including the glassine paper layer that lines the inner surface In the formed cone the entire inner surface is lined throughout by the glassine paper with a substantial overlap of the inner flap portion, dessignated at 62 in Fig. 9, while on the outside of the cone there is a substantial coverage of the seam by the outer flap 63 and thatportion 84 of the glassine paper strip extending over the adjacent edge portion 65 of the outer layer of body paper 39, which edge portion 65 would otherwise be uncovered and exposed to contact with oil or other liquid that is liable to be drawn wick-like into the body paper proper of the cone by capillary attraction.

A reinforcing sleeve 28 may bemade and ap- I plied on the smaller end portion of the container as shown in Figs. 10, 11 and 12. The sleeve" is made originally as a cylindrical tube throughout its entire length. The tube is then slitted longitudinally for the major portion of its length to provide elongated segmental tongues 66 extending from the remaining cylindrical body porready applied. During this forced placement of a the sleeve the elongated segmental tongues 98 are spread apart automatically in contact with the respective underlying portions of the body cone l and in firm adherence thereto. The sleeve thus applied not only affords a substantial strengthening reinforcement of the smaller end portion of the container, but the spread-apart tongue portions 66, due to the spaces therebetween, provide a handhold by which the container can be grasped firmly and held safely against easy slippage from the hand.

After the tongued sleeve is applied a supplemental cupped cap member 68 is inserted, flange portion inward, into the extended cylindrical open end portion of the reinforcing sleeve, the supplemental cap being lined interiorly with glassine paper 69 and cemented externally to the reinforcing sleeve by an adhesive as at 10, thus providing, in supplement to the cap 26, a double closure at that end of the container.

In addition to the internal oil-proofing of the containers as herein described, the outside surfaces can be, and, in general, usually are coated or otherwise treated for moisture proofing thereof in any conventional manner.

The particular containers as illustrated in the drawings are filled through the truncated smaller ends of the conical body tubes l5; and, after filling, the containers may beclosed and sealed by the frusto-conical caps 26 fitted over the ends of the tubes l5 and secured by any suitable oilproof adhesive. These caps 26 are lined with glassine paper 21 to make them oil-proof like the body tubes l5 and the base-end closure units H. To remove the contents from the containers the caps 26 are puncturedand amply opened by any suitable instrument.

Various modifications and changes may be made in the above described constructions, materials and procedures without departing from the scope of my invention, some of the novel features of which are defined in the appended claims.

I claim: 1

1. A paper container adapted to hold oil without leakage, the same comprising a frustro-conical body tube lined interiorly with an oil-proofing material of the character of glassine paper, and a unitary base-end closure for the body tube lined throughout its extent interiorly of the container, said end closure unit comprising a top.

inverted cupped disk having an annular flange of minimum height and a bottom inverted cupped disk having an annular flange of greater height fitted within and secured to said top disk by an oil-proof adhesive, the flanges of said closure unit being shaped to the frusto-conical form o said body tube and having an oil-proof adhesive of the character of neoprene applied circumferentially thereto, whereby said closure unit may be assembled with said body tube under the influence of heat and internal annular pressure applied against external annular resistance and thereby reform the body tube with an annular bulge forming a retentive seat for the flange portion of the top disk of said closure unit.

2. A container for oil constructed of paper or similar fibrous material and comprising a frusto-conical body tube lined throughout its interior surface with a coating of oil-resistant glue and a layer of oil-impermeable paper or like material superimposed over said glue, and an end closure for the body tube, said closure comprising cupped disks adhesively secured in internested relation, said cupped disks being formed with flanges shaped to the frusto-conical form of said body tube and forming a stepped flangeportion in assembled internested relation, and said flange portion having an oil-proof adhesive of the character of neoprene applied circumferentially there.- to, whereby said closure may be assembled with said body tube under the influence of heat and internal annular pressure applied against external annular resistance and thereby deform said body tube according to the stepped form of said flange portion so that said end closure is interlocked with said body tube.

3. A container for oil constructed of paper or similar fibrous material and comprising a frustoconical body tube lined throughout its interior surface with a coating of oil-resistant glue and a layer of oil-impermeable paper or like-material superimposed over said glue, and an end closure for the body tube, said closure comprising an inverted cupped disk member having its peripheral flange portion shouldered annularly, said disk being covered throughout with an oil-proof lining similar to the lining of the body tube and havin an oil-proof adhesive of the character of neoprene applied circumferentially to its peripheral flange portion, whereby said end closure may be assembled with said body tube under the influence of heat and internal annular pressure applied against external annular resistance and thereby effect an interfltting bulge deformation of the joined parts affording an interlocked, oil-tight, assembly of the endclosure in the body tube.

4. A fibrous container adapted to hold oil without leakage, comprising a tubular fibrous body closed at each end and having its complete inner surface coated with a layer of an oil-resistant glue and a layer of relatively thin oil-impermeable paper superimposed over said glue, said body being fitted with an end closure formed of two partially nested, cup-shaped disks of similar diameter but having annular flanges of different lengths, and said flanges having an oil-proof adhesive of the character of neoprene applied 'circumferentially thereto, whereby said end closure may be assembled with said body under heat and compression and thereby deform said body in interlocking, oil-tight, engagement with the flanges ofv said end closure.

CHARLES K. DUNLAP.

file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 156,694 Chinnock Nov. 10, 1874 770,648 Oeser Sept. 20, 1904 1,393,413 Wallertz Oct. 11, 1921 1,459,523 Wood June 19, 1923 1,503,451 Klepper July 29, 1924 2,056,956 Carpenter Oct. 13, 1936 2,071,018 Becker et al Feb. 16, 1937 2,109,749 McColl Mar. 1, 1938 2,202,558 Kernahan May 28, 1940 2,218,027 Hatch Oct. 15, 1940 2,275,157 Morgan Mar. 3, 1942 2,278,502 Waters Apr. 7, 1942 2,291,755 Pierce Aug. 4, 1942 2,317,730 Calvert Apr. 27, 1943' 2,321,284 Dessart June 8, 1943 2,367,520 Patel: Jan. 16, 1945 2,370,018

Di Cosmo Feb. 20, 1945 

